Wednesday, 14 November 2018
Mario Vargas
Mario Vargas
Mario Vargas
Born: 28 March 1936,Arequipa, Peru
Prize motivation : "For his cartography of structures of power and his
trenchant images of the individual's resistance , revolt, and defeat".
Life
Mario Vargas Llosa was born into a middle-class family in Arequipa,
Peru. His parents divorced when he was young, and he grew up with his
mother and maternal grandparents in Bolivia, where his grandfather
worked as a consular officer. Mario Vargas Llosa developed an interest
in poetry at an early age, which was a source of worry for his father,
who enrolled him in a military academy. Nevertheless, he followed his
literary instincts and became a writer. He was also politically active
and ran as a candidate in the Peruvian presidential election of 1990.
Nowadays he spends most of his time in Madrid, but also lives in Peru.
He has three children.
Work
In the 1960s, Latin American literature experienced rapid development
that has come to be called "El Boom". Peruvian author Mario Vargas Llosa
was at the heart of this explosion. His extensive, rich authorship
consists mostly of novels, but also of plays, essays, literary
criticisms, and journalism. His works reflect his ardent love of
storytelling. They are characterized by rich language and cover a range
of genres - from autobiographical books and historical novels to erotic
fiction and thrillers.
Mario Vargas Llosa , the Peruvian novelist , was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature in 2010. His most recent novel is "The Neighbourhood " . He was interviewed for the world post by Michael Skafidas, a journalist and University of New York .
In this interview Llosa shared many ideas related to literary work in which I liked many ideas which are given by him .
1) Idea of feminism
2) Ideas with pictures
3)Talking about historian
4) The global ideas , etc...
Mario Vargas Llosa , the Peruvian novelist , was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature in 2010. His most recent novel is "The Neighbourhood " . He was interviewed for the world post by Michael Skafidas, a journalist and University of New York .
In this interview Llosa shared many ideas related to literary work in which I liked many ideas which are given by him .
1) Idea of feminism
2) Ideas with pictures
3)Talking about historian
4) The global ideas , etc...
* Brutality and sexualith:-
In Mario's latest novel, "The Neighbourhood ", he reconstruct the
terrible and corrupt but also hedonistic years that followed Alberto
Fujimari's election in peru in 1990. In his tale, sex dominates as an
act of survival and as a reaction to oppression .
Mario Vergas told that this was the reality because Peruvian
society at that time became subject to terrorism , oppression and
Fujimori's dictatorship. The brutality expanded to all levels of society
. There was a strict curfew that produced this extraordinary explosion
of sex life and sexuality in the private spaces where one had to dwell.
It was the only way you could escape the terrible threat of the real
world . During those years, all the principles and moral limitations
disappeared . It was a time of the explosion of a terrible freedom . In
the novel , Mario wanted to describe this paradox .
* Feminism :-
According to Mario, it is right to denounce abuses against women .
These abuses are everywhere , so he has total sympathy for this
movement as far it is for more justice , more democracy, more equality
of opportunities for women and men. It has become very sectarian, very
dogmatic , and Mario think we have to criticize and oppose these
trands.
Paradise lost
Paradise lost
Paradise Lost , Epic poem in blank verse, one of the late works by
John Milton, originally issued in 10 books in 1667 and, with books 7
and 10 each split into two parts , published in 12 books in the second
edition of 1674.
Many scholars consider Paradise Lost to be one of the greatest
poems in the English language . It tells the biblical story of the fall
from grace of Adam and Eve in language that is a supreme achievement of
rhythm and sound . The 12 books structure , the technique of beginning
in medias res, the invocation of the muse, and the use of the Epic
question are all classically inspired. The subject matter , however , is
distinctly Christian .
Summary :
With Raphael’s departure for Heaven, the story no longer consists of
conversations between heavenly beings and humankind. Milton explains
that he must now turn to Adam and Eve’s actual act of disobedience. The
poem must now turn tragic, and Milton asserts his intention to show that
the fall of humankind is more heroic than the tales of Virgil and
Homer. He invokes Urania, the “Celestial Patroness” (IX.21)
and muse of Christian inspiration, and asks for her to visit him in his
sleep and inspire his words, because he fears he is too old and lacks
the creative powers to accomplish the task himself. He hopes not to get
caught up in the description of unimportant items, as Virgil and Homer
did, and to remain focused on his ultimate and divine task.
Satan returns to the Garden of Eden the night after Raphael’s departure.
Satan’s return comes eight days after he was caught and banished by
Gabriel. He sneaks in over the wall, avoiding Gabriel and the other
guards. After studying all the animals of the Garden, Satan considers
what disguise he should assume, and chooses to become a snake. Before he
can continue, however, he again hesitates—not because of doubt this
time, but because of his grief at not being able to enjoy this wondrous
new world. He struggles to control his thoughts. He now believes that
the Earth is more beautiful than Heaven ever was, and becomes jealous of
Adam and Eve and their chosen status to occupy and maintain Paradise.
He gripes that the excess beauty of Earth causes him to feel more
torment and anguish. Gathering his thoughts into action, he finds a
sleeping serpent and enters its body.
The next morning, Adam and Eve prepare for their usual morning labors.
Realizing that they have much work to do, Eve suggests that they work
separately, so that they might get more work done. Adam is not keen on
this idea. He fears that they will be more susceptible to Satan’s
temptation if they are alone. Eve, however, is eager to have her
strength tested. After much resistance, Adam concedes, as Eve promises
Adam that she will return to their bower soon. They go off to do their
gardening independently.1) Write a critical note on character of Eve.
Answer ) Eve makes a logical suggestion in Book -9 that if she and
Adam separated for a time, they would not be distracted by each other
and would be able to get more work done. Adam warns Eve of the envious
Satan. Eve replies that she can be trusted. Eve argues that Satan will
tempt Adam first . But Satan tempts Eve first. In love, Adam decides to
be lifted or doomed with her. Eve is deceived by false reason; Adam is
deceived by her love and charm.
Eve is the first to do the sin, she makes a reasonable arrangement
that Adam is as guilty . First she says that he would have been deceived
just as she was; the Serpent was just that clever. Then she says that
if Adam truly knew Eve's weakness and the power of the "Foe" , he would
never have let her go off alone. Eve makes a convincing argument that
Adam is equally guilty .
2) whose arguments did you find more convincing ?
Answer ) I can find Eve's arguments are more convincing . In the
Paradise Lost , Eve is character in whom the inevitability of rebellion
seems most obvious .
. . . her rash hand in evil hour
Forth reaching to the fruit,
She pluck'd, she eat;
Earth felt the wound, and
Nature from her seat
Sighing through all her works
Gave signs of woe,
That all was lost.
3) How do you look at divine perspective in the Genesis of the Holy Bible and Human perspective in John Milton's Paradise Lost book 9 ?
Answer ) Before the renaissance and reformation, there was a god
centric world and people had a blind faith in God. But after the
renaissance and reformation god centric world was replaced with
Human centric one. All the stories in scriptures which were earlier told
from divine perspective , now all were told from human perspective and
human was at the centre of universe.
Hamlet
1) How faithful is the movie to the original play?
- Hamlet by Kenneth Branagh is faithful to the original play.Because in this movie, the director Kenneth Branagh, follows every scene and sequence of the real play. He was add some scenes which is not in the play. But also we can say that some extent it is not faithful.
2) After watching the movie,have your perception about the play,character or situations changed?
- Yes, I have some perception about some characters are changed at the same point. Ophelia is powerfully portrayed in the movie. When I read the play I think that Gertrude is not happy because of King Hamlet's death but when I was watched the movie,I saw that Gertrude is more happy with Claudius and she has no pain in her life?
- Yes sir, I feel aesthetic delight while watching the movie. In the very first scene when Hamlet's Ghost and Hamlet conversation. When Hamlet was died his words are given me aesthetic delight,"The rest is silence". Hamlet's grave scene in the movie,it's gave me delight.
4) Do you feel 'catharsis' while or after watching movie? If
yes,exactly when did it happen? If no, can you explain with reasons?
- Yes, I can feel 'Catharsis' after watching movie. we can feel pity,love,fear,anger,hate,sympathy. For some characters. We can feel pity for Ophelia when Hamlet behave very very rude withher in the mirror scene.
- Yes, movie screening is help me a lot for better understanding. Movie can clear our all confusion. It gives a clear picture of every character. While reading we can not imagine the particular behaviour of character.
- Yes, I would prefer a key to remember the scene of Ophelia and her brother are very friendly with each other. When Hamlet knew that his lover Ophelia was died he did not tolerate it and his emotions for Ophelia were seen in the grave digging scene. His emotions touched my heart.
- If I were a director of this movie 'Hamlet', I will chane the character of Ophelia.
- In the beginning we can see the statue of king Hamlet,we can feel all is good in Denmark. But because of revenge of king Hamlet, tragedy is taken a place in the play. Every person were died. In the end, statue of king Hamlet was broken down. Here, Kenneth Branagh signifies that revenge has never fruitful.
- While studying the play through mivie I found feminist approach is more applicable. I found that Gertrude is being loved by king Hamlet as well as Claudius. Both the men treats her very well, but on other side Hamlet who seems as misogynist use abusing words not only for his lover Ophelia but his mother remarried after the death of king Hamlet immediately. Every women have right to choose her life partner. Every women have right to live life as the way she wants to live.
Tuesday, 13 November 2018
An Aristotle Poetic
Questions
1. How far do
you agree with Plato’s objection to freedom of expression and artistic
liberty enjoyed by creative writers? Name the texts (novels, plays,
poems, movies, TV soaps etc which can be rightfully objected and banned
with reference to Plato’s objections)
2. With
reference to the literary texts you have studied during B.A. programme,
write brief note on the texts which followed Aristotelian literary
tradition (i.e. his concept of tragedy, catharsis, tragic hero with
hamartia etc)
3. With
reference to the literary texts you have studies during B.A. programme,
write brief note on the texts which did NOT follow Aristotelian literary
tradition. (i.e. his concept of tragedy, catharsis, tragic hero with
hamartia etc.)
4. Have you
studied any tragedies during B.A. programme? Who was/were the tragic
protagonist/s in those tragedies? What was their ‘hamartia’?
Answers
1. I agree to Plato's objection to freedom of expression is true because
there are many movies, serials, advertises, novels, poems have not
good. For ex. In the tragedy 'Othello'
by William Shakespeare, during the drama the audience finds itself in
concepts of love, hate, jealousy.at last Othello killed his wife.
2. I have studied 'Othello' by W.Shakespeare during B. A. In this play, The black moor othello and the princess of venis desdemona, both are followed in love each other, than after the villen iago made some critical situation and want to try both (Othello and desdemona) septeret. and duke of vaice who is a father of desdemona pin up in othello's mind whenever they runout that "Be it as you shall privately determine, Either for her stay or going: the affair cries haste,... Hence, he became the murderer of his wife desdemona. and at the last the play become a tragedy
3. Shakespeare drama never qualified the canons laid by Aristotle. I have studied Romeo & Juliet by William Shakespeare during B. A. The high class never went to appreciate his dramas as they believed that his dramas were specially to entertain mass rather than class.
4. I have studied Oedipus Rex by Sophocles during B. A. In this play, the protagonist is Oedipus. Hamartia is Oedipus married his own mother after killing his own father. Hence,he was the murderer of his father. When his mother came to know about that fact, she killed herself. And Oedipus became blind and exilled from Thebes.
5. Plato belives that the literature celebrates all the vices and evil
habits. Most of the Greek works always had a plot ready. The plots were
taken from myths. Myths always had place for gods. Gods were shown to be
fighting and sometimes indulging in immoral activities. All such vices
crept into the works of literature. For exa: If tje students are taught
the Epic poem the Mahabharat in their schools, might be, there are
chances that children may draw a conclusion that wars are indeed virtues
to be fought. They fail to understand the true intentions behind the
war.
Paradise lost
1 write a critical note on character of Eve.
- Ans.
We find vast difference between character of Eve in Bible and in Milton's Eve. She is created from Adam’s rib as his halpmeet.she is beautiful, wise, and able. When Satan see her first time for a while he forget about his revenge. She is the one who first eats the forbiden fruit and convence Adam to eat it. We find Eve's argument are more stronger and also shows her intellect, Eve tell,
In paradise lost Eve is quite different then the Eve of Bible. Milton's Eve was rebelious, intellect and also speak with arguments.
2 whose argument did you find more convincing ?
- Ans.
We find vast difference between character of Eve in Bible and in Milton's Eve. She is created from Adam’s rib as his halpmeet.she is beautiful, wise, and able. When Satan see her first time for a while he forget about his revenge. She is the one who first eats the forbiden fruit and convence Adam to eat it. We find Eve's argument are more stronger and also shows her intellect, Eve tell,
In paradise lost Eve is quite different then the Eve of Bible. Milton's Eve was rebelious, intellect and also speak with arguments.
2 whose argument did you find more convincing ?
I found Eve's argument more convincing because we find logic in her argument.when she was talking with Satan we find that she was not easily accept want he says but she asked questions to him. And after gating proper answer she accepted his saying. We find when serpent presing her a lot she says,
"Serpent, thy overpreising leaves in doubt
The virtue of that Fruit, in thee first proved. "
"Serpent, thy overpreising leaves in doubt
The virtue of that Fruit, in thee first proved. "
If I got chance to add something in argument so I add in part of Eve in reply on Satan's statement.
3 How do you look at Divine perspective in Genesis of the Bible and Human perspective in John Milton's paradise lost book 9.
In Genesis the fall is narrated from God's perspective. The character of Eve Adam and Satan are flat and emotionless. Many questions remain unanswered in God's justice.
In Milton's paradise lost book 9 we find the same story told from Human perspective.
Literary writers, however hard they try, can't be on the side of God or religion at the cost of humans. Human virtue and vise are raw material of literature. Literature is made by made for and made of human beings. In literature, all other perspectives zero down to Human perspective. The center of literature is human beings.
Sunday, 4 November 2018
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